This PhD project focuses on the development of a mathematical model to simulate the stack behavior of vanadium flow batteries, with the adaptability to incorporate alternative and emerging battery chemistries. The model will be calibrated and validated through experimental data to ensure reliable and accurate performance predictions at both the stack and system levels. By providing deeper insights into battery operation and scalability, the project aims to support the efficient design and optimization of flow battery systems. The ultimate goal is to contribute to the accelerated development of safe, cost-effective, and sustainable energy storage solutions to support the global clean energy transition.